Fluid Mechanics Laboratory

Name	Description	Instruments/Softwares
Basic Hydraulic Bench	Basic Hydraulic Bench is of volumetric type and has been designed to provide continuous and controlled supply of water to conduct various experiments using auxiliary modules in typical Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics Laboratory.
Hydraulics Bench	Hydraulics Bench Unit for the study of fluid behavior, hydraulic theory and the properties of fluid mechanics. It is formed by a movable hydraulics bench used to hold a wide variety of modules, which allow the student to experiment with the problems presented.
ORIFICE DISCHARGE	The module consists of a transparent cylindrical tank that is fed from the top by the Hydraulics Bench or the Basic Hydraulic Feed System. The water flows through an interchangeable mouthpiece located in the base center. The liquid flowing vein goes directly to the volumetric tank of the Hydraulics Bench or from the Basic Hydraulic Feed System.
PITOT STATIC TUBE MODULE	With this unit the change in flow speed within a tube can be determined. The Pitot static tube can be moved across the whole cross-section of the tube, and thus to measure the pressure profile. This tube is connected to manometers via hoses. The position of the measuring head relative to the bottom edge of the tube can be measured on a scale.
FLUID STATICS AND MANOMETRY	This module has been designed to study static fluids and manometry. It provides the user an introduction to the behavior of liquids under hydrostatic conditions (fluids at rest) and to the application of those principles in the pressure measurement by using different manometric tubes .It allows the user to demonstrate the properties of Newtonian fluids and to understand a wide range of basic principles before studying fluids in motion.
Bernoulli’s Theorem Demonstration	Bernoulli’s Theorem Demonstration module is mainly composed of a circular section conduit with shape of a truncated cone, transparent and with seven pressure taps to measure, simultaneously, the static pressure of each section. The ends of the conduits are removable, enabling to be placed in either convergent or divergent form with respect to the stream direction. There is also a probe (Pitot’s tube) moving along the conduit for measuring the height in every section (dynamic pressure). The flow rate and the pressure in the module can be modified by adjusting the control valve located at the end of the module. A flexible hose attached to the outlet pipe is directed to the volumetric measuring tank.
OSBORNE - REYNOLDS' DEMONSTRATION	The module consists of a cylindrical tank endowed with a nozzle that is fitted to a methacrylate pipe, which allows the fluid visualization. A spillway guarantees the homogeneity of the flow and a needle fitted to the deposit provides the dye. Water is supplied by the Hydraulics Bench or the Basic Hydraulic Feed System. The visualization of the laminar or turbulent regime can be carried out through the flow control valve.
HORIZONTAL OSBORNE-REYNOLDS DEMONSTRATION	The Osborne-Reynolds experiment is used to study the characteristics of a liquid flow through a pipe. It is also used to determine the Reynolds number at each state of the liquid. The module makes it possible to study the characteristics of the flow of a liquid inside a pipe and the behavior of such flow. Besides, itis possible to determine the range of the laminar and turbulent flows using the Reynolds number. Thus, difference between laminar, turbulent and transition flows can be demonstrated and the Reynolds number can be calculated for each regime
FLOW METER DEMONSTRATION	The module consists of a Venturi-meter, a flowmeter and an orifice plate, installed in a series configuration to permit a direct comparison. Several pressure taps are connected to a panel of eight tubes. The flow control valve allows the variation of the flow rate through the circuit, and its adjustment, along with the bench control valve, allows for varying the system static pressure.
AXIAL FLOW TURBINE, FRANCIS TURBINE, KAPLAN TURBINE & PELTON TURBINE	These units are used to know the various types of turbine commonly used, their efficiency, their power output, discharges produced, e.t.c and to know their different application and uses
FLUID PROPERTIES	This module has been designed to =allow the study of the fundamental properties of fluids and their behavior in practical applications. We can study capillarity, density and relative density (specific gravity), buoyancy (Archimedes principle), viscosity, atmospheric pressure ,etc.
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE	The module consists of a quadrant assembled to the arm of a scale that swings around an axis. When the quadrant is immersed in the water tank, the force that acts on the flat rectangular front surface exerts a momentum with respect to the supporting axis. The swinging arm is fitted with a tray and an adjustable counter balance.